LEADERSHIP 7 min read

6 new CTO roles in the AI era

The CTO role is evolving. Here's what you need to master so you don't get left behind.

The CTO role in the AI era

Just 3 years ago, the CTO mostly dealt with infrastructure, the dev team, and vendors. Today? The CEO asks about AI strategy, the CFO about ROI from models, HR about the impact on headcount. According to McKinsey, companies that succeed with AI have technical leaders who fundamentally redesign processes - they do it 3x more often than the rest. The CTO role has changed.

1. AI Translator

The business speaks one language, technology another. The CTO has to translate both ways. "We want better customer service" → "We need RAG with a product knowledge base." And vice versa.

This is not optional. If you don't translate, the vendor will - and they have different interests.

2. AI Portfolio Manager

Not one AI project. A portfolio of projects with different horizons and risks. The CTO has to manage it like an investment fund:

AI PORTFOLIO

  • Quick wins (60%): Low risk, fast value, build momentum
  • Strategic bets (30%): Medium risk, bigger impact, 6-12 months
  • Moonshots (10%): High risk, potentially transformative

3. AI Risk Officer

Who in the company understands the risks tied to AI? Hallucinations, bias, privacy, security, compliance? In most companies - nobody. By default it lands on the CTO.

You don't have to be an expert in everything. But you do have to know which questions to ask and who to hire.

4. AI Capability Builder

Your team has no AI competencies? That's your problem. You have three options:

  • Build: Train your existing team, hire specialists
  • Buy: Outsource to firms specializing in AI
  • Partner: Work with vendors who have the competencies

Most companies need a mix of all three.

"Your value as a CTO isn't that you know everything about AI. It's that you know how to build a team that does."

5. AI Ethics Guardian

Who decides whether to use AI to evaluate employees? Can AI reject candidates? Who is accountable when the model discriminates?

These questions land on the CTO's desk. And you can't answer "that's not my department."

6. AI Change Agent

Technology is 30% of success with AI. The rest is organizational change. People fear for their jobs, processes have to change, the culture has to evolve.

A CTO who rolls out AI without managing change is rolling out a failure.

What to stop doing

To take on new roles, you have to delegate something:

DELEGATE OR AUTOMATE

  • ✗ Micromanaging daily sprints
  • ✗ Being the only person who can approve a PR
  • ✗ Negotiating with every vendor personally
  • ✗ Writing code (yes, I know you love it)

How to prepare

  1. 1. Spend time with AI - not theoretically, practically. Build something.
  2. 2. Talk to the CEO in the language of business, not technology
  3. 3. Build a network - other CTOs, AI experts, advisors
  4. 4. Read the regulations - EU AI Act, GDPR, industry-specific
  5. 5. Practice making decisions under uncertainty

Summary

The CTO role in 2026 is not the same role it was in 2020. If you want to be relevant in 3 years, you have to evolve now. AI is not a trend that will pass - it's a fundamental shift in how software is built and how business is run.

SP

Szymon Paluch

ex-CTO · AI Strategy

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